Etching/Drypoint

Etching is a process based on the action of nitric acid on a copper plate.
A copper plate is covered with a varnish on both sides and then engraved by the artist with an etching needle. The design is represented by a series of grooves that expose the copper. The plate is then subjected to the action of the acid which ""bites"" more or less deeply in to the lines drawn depending on the length of time applied, while leaving the protected parts intact.
The varnish is removed with turpentine essence revealing the artist's drawing, and the grooves of the drawing will be inked for printing. Depending on the angle at which the etching needle is held, the lines drawn will vary in thickness and depth producing a deeper tone of black on printing, thereby creating shadow or drape effects.